Informatics Publishing Limited

Kamna Solanki ¹, Yudhvir Singh ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D University, Rohtak, IN
2 University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), M.D University, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

Software Testing is the process of exercising the software product in predefined ways to check if the behavior is the same as expected behavior. Regression testing is the process of validating any changes that may have been induced in a software system during software maintenance. Test Suite Prioritization in Regression testing basically aims to re-schedule those test cases which should be re-executed during regression testing based on some criteria. The main objective of test case prioritization is to maximize early fault detection. Regression Testing is an expensive,  but still an important process. Because the size of a test suite is extremely large, therefore  exhaustive re-testing of the system is impossible. Unfortunately, system may have shortage of resources to re–execute entire set of test cases during regression testing.So, selective re-testing of the system based on some criteria is the cost-benefical solution. This paper describes various test case prioritization techniques developed so far systematically.

Keywords

Regression Testing, Software Testing, Test Case Prioritization.

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Yudhvir Singh ¹, Kamna Solanki ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), M.D University, Rohtak, IN
2 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D university, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

With the development of modern information science and technology, complexity of software system is higher than ever before. With the software‟s scale and complexity improving, people are paying more attention on software‟s quality and functional reliability. Software Process Improvement based on an effective Defect Management Process (DMP) is one method of improving software quality. Software Industry is seriously deficient on effective DMP. The understanding of DMP is still in initial stage. Therefore, earnest study of software DMP in software engineering and correctly using it during software development seems to be the demand of time. This paper basically covers each aspect of DMP in detail. The paper deeply study and analyze the theory, technology, methodology and tools of defect management system. Firstly, the paper describes the role and necessity of DMP in the software development. Secondly, it explains the phases, stages and importance of good defect management process.

Keywords

Requirements Engineering, Requirement Elicitation, Requirement Validation and Management.

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Anju Bansal ¹, Kamna Solanki ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute. of Engineering & Technology, MDU, Rohtak, IN
2 University Institute of Engineering & Technology, MDU, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

In Software testing; Software Metrics provide information to support a quantitative managerial decision-making for the test managers. Among the various metrics, Code coverage metric is considered as the most important metric often used in analysis of software projects in the industries for testing. Code coverage analysis helps in the testing process by finding the areas of a program not exercised by a set of test cases. It ensures that testing is effectively carried out without missing out all the key functional areas or the features of the software under development. If made available, the coverage information can be very useful for many other related activities, like, regression testing, test case prioritization, test-suite augmentation, test-suite minimization etc. This paper aims to provide an introduction to code coverage and describes how code coverage is performed. It also describes its potential usage and the challenges faced by industries in implementing code coverage. We hope our work will be helpful in software testing research.

Keywords

Code Coverage, Coverage Metrics, Coverage Tools, Limitations, Potential Usage.

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Pooja Phogat ¹, Kamna Solanki ²

Affiliations
1 MDU, Rohatk, IN
2 MDU, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

Software maintenance has consumed more than 50% of development effort and about 90% of software lifecycle. Finding and correcting defects after software delivery have often presented high costs when compared to correct it on previous project phases. The defects that are found after the release of a product are known as post release software defects. To detect these defects before the release of the product mainly two metrics are used that are the Mean Time between Failures (MTBF) and the Average usage Time (AVT).These metrics are frequently used to gauge the reliability of the application. However, MTBF and AVT cannot capture the whole pattern of failure occurrences in the field testing of an application. In this paper, three metrics that capture three additional patterns of failure occurrences: the average length of usage time before the occurrence of the first failure, the spread of failures to the majority of users, and the daily rates of failures are described.

Keywords

Prerelease Defects, Post-Release Defects, Predicting Defects, Software Testing Metrics.

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Arti Dhounchak ¹, Kamna Solanki ¹, Pardeep Vashist ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D University, Rohtak, IN
2 M.D.University, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

Requirement Elicitation is very beneficial in developing any new application. Most of systems fail just because of wrong elicitation practice. Without the elicitation techniques it is impossible to find out requirements and the needs of the developing system. It provides base to the developer to construct a structure of proposed system keeping in view the requirement list of stake holders. This research paper is based on understanding elicitation techniques and their usage in applications, by implementing the Elicitation techniques for knowing the needs of stakeholder so that system developer can get clear view of requirement for the developing system. Moreover this research paper covers the gap between knowing the elicitation techniques and how to use them. There are many method to perform requirement gathering or and elicitation, but still they face so many problems. These problems occurred due to the lack of knowledge of engineers or users, which show in the result. This paper gives the overview of negative points of all elicitation techniques.

Keywords

Requirements Elicitation Techniques, Stakeholders.

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Anuja Singh ¹, Kamna Solanki ¹, Shruti Mittal ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D University, Rohtak, IN
2 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D. University, Rohtak, IN

Abstract

Testing a web application is a different task, as the scenarios change more often. Web application deal with different type of large and diversified users. So a lot of effort is needed in designing test cases and also to execute them. Test cases should be written not only considering the functional environment but also including the technical environment .To test a web application no predefined approach is used, So consider all the aspect of usage and input before applying testing. This study review the techniques for testing web applications and trying to propose a model which help in meeting the challenges of testing web applications.

Keywords

Web Applications, Test Cases, Software Engineering.

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Arti Rani ¹, Kamna Solanki ¹, Geeta Jangra ²

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D university, Rohtak, IN
2 University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, IN

Abstract

The area of Requirements Engineering is often underestimated in value in the area of Software Engineering. Requirements engineering is a repeatable and systematic technique. The main objective of requirement engineering is “to gather the requirements”. The requirements engineering phase of software development projects is characterized by the intensity and importance of communication activities. During this phase, the various stakeholders must be able to communicate their requirements to the analysts, and the analysts need to be able to communicate the specifications they generate back to the stakeholders for validation. It includes set of activities like system feasibility study, elicitation analysis, validation and management of the requirements. This paper presents the conceptual view of requirement engineering and its types and techniques come under these types. The activities include software implementation, maintenance, and enhancement. This paper describes the challenges on the requirements engineering for developing an enterprise applications. This paper overviews a systematic, goal-oriented approach to requirements engineering. This paper presents an overview of the field of software systems requirements engineering (RE). It describes the main areas of RE practice.

Keywords

Requirement Engineering, Requirement Elicitation, Requirement Analysis, Requirement Management and Validation.

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Kamna Solanki ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹, Sandeep Dalal ¹

Affiliations
1 M. D. University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Experimental evaluation of “m-ACO” (Modified Ant Colony Optimization) technique for test case prioritization has been performed on two well known software testing problems namely “Triangle Classification Problem” and “Quadratic Equation Problem”.  Apart from these two problems, m-ACO has been experimentally evaluated using open source software JFreeChart. Methods: m-ACO finds the optimized solution to test suite prioritization by modifying the phenomenon used by natural ants to reach to its food source and select the food. This paper attempts to experimentally and comparatively evaluate the proposed m-ACO technique for test case prioritization against some contemporary meta-heuristic techniques using two well known software testing problems and open source problem. Performance evaluation has been measured using two metrics namely APFD (Average Percentage of Faults Detected) and PTR (Percentage of Test Suite Required for Complete Fault Coverage). Findings: The proposed technique m-ACO proves its efficiency on both the parameters. m-ACO achieves higher fault detection rate with minimized test suite as comparative to other meta-heuristic techniques for test case prioritization. Improvements: The proposed technique m-ACO basically works by modifying the food source searching and selection pattern of the real ants. Real ants grab every type food source it comes across; while modified ants evaluate the food fitness and uniqueness before selection. This phenomenon enhances the quality and diversity of deposited food source.

Keywords

Fault Coverage, Genetic Algorithm, Regression Testing, Software Testing, Test Suite Prioritization.

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Kamna Solanki ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹, Sandeep Dalal ¹

Affiliations
1 M. D. University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The novel test case prioritization technique “m-ACO” (“Modified Ant Colony Optimization”) for regression testing has been comparatively evaluated. Methods: “m-ACO” prioritize the test cases by altering the food source selection criteria of natural ants to enhance fault diversity. The code for the proposed technique for prioritizing test case “m-ACO” has been implemented in Perl language. This paper makes a comparative evaluation of proposed “m-ACO” technique for prioritization of test cases with GA (“Genetic Algorithm”), BCO (“Bee Colony Optimization”) Algorithms and ACO (“Ant Colony Optimization”) Algorithms using three case studies. Two metrics namely APFD (“Average Percentage of Faults Detected”) and PTR (“Percentage of Test Suite Required for Complete Fault Coverage”) have been used to measure the effectiveness of the proposed “m-ACO” technique. Findings: The proposed technique “m-ACO” produced optimal or near optimal solutions. The proposed “m-ACO” technique proves its efficiency in comparison to GA, BCO and ACO methods individually. Improvements: The proposed technique improves the ACO method by altering food source selection criteria of natural ants. The future work in this direction will comparatively evaluate the proposed “m-ACO” technique using some well known software testing problems and open source software. An automated tool for the proposed technique is being developed.

Keywords

Fault Coverage, Genetic Algorithm, Regression Testing, Software Testing, Test Suite Prioritization.

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Sandeep Dalal ¹, Kamna Solanki ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124001, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Computer Science Engineering, UIET, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Algorithms analogous to the natural processes have been employed to optimize the fault detection efficiency and reduce software testing time. Test case selection for software testing is the most critical and time consuming part as exhaustive software testing is not possible. Recently, a novel compound technique BCO-m-GA for test case selection has been proposed based on non-sequential combination of stratified sampling, BCO (Bee Colony Optimization) and GA (Genetic Algorithm). This paper makes a performance evaluation of the proposed BCO-m-GA technique. Methods: This paper attempts to analyse the performance of the BCO-m-GA technique for test case selection against individual non-compounded algorithms GA and BCO. Findings: The results underline the improved performance of BCO-m-GA in comparison to GA and BCO in terms of differential of number of Decision Nodes Covered (DNC) and rate of change of Fitness Score (FS) of the optimal solution. Improvements: The insights obtained in this study would help researchers in improved framing of test case selection procedures.

Keywords

Bee Colony Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, Software Testing, Test Case Optimization, Test Case Selection

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